س : جملة ( الصلاة خير من النوم ) هل تقال في الأذان الأول قبل الفجر؟ أم في الأذان الثاني؟ وما الدليل على قولها؟ وماذا يقول من سمعها بعد المؤذن؟
ج : السنة : أن تقال في الأذان الأخير بعد الفجر ، كما جاء ذلك في حديث أبي محذورة ، وجاء في حديث عائشة دلالة على أن المؤذن كان يقولها في الأذان الأخير بعد الفجر ، قالت : « ثم يقوم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فيصلي الركعتين ثم يخرج للصلاة بعد الأذان » الذي هو الأذان الأخير بالنسبة إلى ما يسمى بالأذان الأول فهو أذان أول بالنسبة للإقامة؛ لأن الإقامة يقال لها : الأذان الثاني .
فالسنة : أن يأتي بهذا اللفظ في الأذان الذي يؤذن به بعد طلوع الفجر ، وهو الأخير بالنسبة للأذان الذي ينادي به في آخر الليل؛ لينبه النائم ، ويرجع القائم ، وهو الأول بالنسبة للإقامة؛ لكونها أذانا ثانيا ، كما قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : « بين كل أذانين صلاة بين كل أذانين صلاة » (2) والمراد بذلك : الأذان والإقامة .
__________
(1) من برنامج نور على الدرب ، قرئ مرة ثانية على سماحته في 7\8\1415 هـ

السؤال الثاني من الفتوى رقم ( 19803 )
س 2 : من المعلوم أن للفجر أذانين : الأول : قبل الوقت بحوالي نصف ساعة ، فمتى تقال : (الصلاة خير من النوم) في الأذان الأول أم في الأذان الثاني ؟ علما بأنني أقولها في الأذان الأول ، فهل ذلك صحيح ؟
ج 2 : الذي دلت عليه السنة الصحيحة ودرج عليه المسلمون سلفا وخلفا : أن قول : (الصلاة خير من النوم) يكون في الأذان الثاني للفجر .
وبالله التوفيق ، وصلى الله على نبينا محمد وآله وصحبه وسلم .

اللجنة الدائمة للبحوث العلمية والإفتاء
عضو … عضو … عضو … نائب الرئيس … الرئيس
بكر أبو زيد … صالح الفوزان … عبد الله بن غديان … عبد العزيز آل الشيخ … عبد العزيز بن عبد الله بن باز

INGATLAH KALAU HAL INI PASTI MENIMPA KITA SEMUA. SUDAHKAH KITA BERSIAP MENGHADAPINYA?????

semua orang pasti mati. kematian adalah sesuatu yang pasti. kalau tidak sekarang pasti kapan pun datang kepada kita. meski kita berada dalam benteng yang paling kokoh sekalipun. Allah menciptakan kita dalam kehidupan ini, untuk menghadapi kematian, yang setelah itu kita dihidupkan kembali. kita hidup di dunia tidaklah lama. paling-paling antara 60 hingga 70 tahun saja. jarang-jarang yang lebih dari itu. seperti itulah yang dikatakan Nabi Muhammad SAW.

yang menjadi pertanyaan, sudahkah kita dalam hidup selama ini, bersiap dalam menghadapi kematian yang pasti datang. jangan sampai setelah mati kita hanya mendapati petaka, kesengsaraan, dan siksaan yang tiada henti.

hidup kita hanya sebentar. maka mari kita manfaatkan sebaik mungkin. jadilah orang baik selama anda hidup. masukkan kebahagiaan kepada hati saudara muslim anda. kalau tidak bisa memasukkan kegembiraan dalam hati mereka, maka jangan memasukkan kepedihan dan kesengsaraan.

Karl Jenkins, The Armed Man (Adhan) The Islamic Call to Prayers.

Adhan is called out by the muezzin in the mosque five times a day, traditionally from a minaret, summoning Muslims for mandatory (fard) prayers (salah). A second call known as iqama (set up) then summons Muslims to line up for the beginning of the prayers. The main purpose behind the multiple loud pronouncements of adhan in every mosque is to make available to everyone an easily intelligible summary of Islamic belief. It is intended to bring to the mind of every believer and non-believer the substance of Islamic beliefs, or its spiritual ideology. In modern times, loudspeakers have been installed on minarets for this purpose.

Transliteration Translation
Allahu Akbar- God is greater than any description
Ash-had an la ilaha illa llah- I testify that there is no deity except for God
Ash-hadu anna Muħammadan rasulullah- I testify that Muhammad is a Messenger of God
Hayya ‘ala-salatt- The time for prayer has come
Hayya ‘ala ‘l-falah- The time for worship has come
Al-salatu khayru min an-nawm- Prayer is better than sleep2
Allāhu akbar- God is greater than any description
La ilaha illallah- There is no deity except for God

فَعَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ مَا فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ وَصَحِيْحِ السُّنَّةِ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ وَيَدَعُ مَا سِوَاهُ وَلاَ يَقُوْلُ أَخْتَارُهُ كَذَا فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدِ اخْتَارَ لِنَبِيِّهِ وَأَوْلِيَائِهِ وَعَلَّمَهُمْ كَيْفَ يَدْعُوْنَ

”Seyogyanya seorang menggunakan do’a-do’a yang tercantum dalam Al Qur-an dan berbagai hadits yang shahih (valid berasal dari nabi-peny) serta meninggalkan berbagai do’a yang tidak bersumber dari keduanya. Janganlah ia mengatakan, “Saya telah memilih do’a[2] sendiri (untuk diriku)”, karena Allah ta’ala telah memilihkan dan mengajarkan berbagai do’a kepada nabi dan para wali-Nya (dalam Al Qur-an dan sunnah nabi-Nya) ”.[3]

Wejangan dan Kritik

Perkataan beliau di atas merupakan wejangan sekaligus kritikan. Merupakan wejangan, karena beliau menasihati kita sebagai kaum muslimin untuk menggunakan berbagai do’a yang bertebaran di dalam Al Quran dan hadits nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam yang shahih, karena berbagai do’a yang tercantum di dalam dua sumber tersebut merupakan wahyu yang nihil dari kesalahan.

Perkataan beliau juga merupakan kritik bagi kita yang terkadang lebih mengedepankan do’a-do’a buatan yang tidak bersumber dari keduanya. Terkadang, dalam meminta kebaikan kepada-Nya, atau memohon agar dihindarkan dari keburukan, kita lebih memprioritaskan penggunaan do’a yang diperoleh dari guru-guru spiritual, mengesampingkan do’a-do’a yang besumber dari Al Quran dan hadits nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

Al Qadhi ‘Iyadh rahimahullah mengatakan, “Allah menginginkan untuk diminta dan Dia telah memberitahukan (berbagai macam) do’a di dalam kitab-Nya kepada makhluk-Nya. Begitu pula dengan nabi, beliau telah mengajar umatnya berbagai bentuk do’a. Do’a-do’a tersebut mengandung tiga hal, yaitu ilmu tauhid, ilmu bahasa, dan nasihat kepada umat ini. Oleh karena itu, seorang tidak boleh berpaling dari do’a yang diajarkan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. (Sangat disayangkan saat ini), syaithan telah memperdaya manusia dari kedudukan yang agung ini, dia mendatangkan orang-orang jahat yang merekayasa berbagai do’a buatan untuk mereka, sehingga mereka pun sibuk untuk mengerjakan berbagai do’a tersebut dan tidak mengikuti tuntunan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.”[4]

Do’a Nabi, Do’a Terbaik

Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam sebagai pribadi yang paling mengenal Allah, tentulah merupakan pribadi yang paling tahu kebaikan apa yang paling pantas diminta kepada Rabb-nya, demikian pula beliau tentulah mengetahui bentuk keburukan yang paling pantas untuk dihindari. Dengan demikian, seorang muslim tatkala meminta kebaikan kepada Allah dalam do’anya, hendaknya dia meminta sebagaimana permintaan rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Demikian pula tatkala dia memohon perlindungan dari keburukan, hendaklah dia meminta layaknya nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam meminta perlindungan kepada Allah ta’ala.

Syaikhul Islam Ibnu Taimiyah rahimahullah mengatakan,

وينبغى للخلق أن يدعوا بالأدعية الشرعية التى جاء بها الكتاب والسنة فان ذلك لا ريب فى فضله وحسنه وأنه الصراط المستقيم صراط الذين أنعم الله عليهم من النبيين والصديقين والشهداء والصالحين وحسن أولئك رفيقا

“Manusia sepatutnya berdo’a dengan berbagai syar’i yang terdapat dalam Al Quran dan sunnah, karena tidak disangsikan lagi akan keutamaan dan kebaikannya. Sesungguhnya itulah jalan yang lurus, jalan orang-orang yang dianugerahi nikmat oleh Allah, yaitu para nabi, shiddiiqiin, syuhada, dan shalihin, dan mereka itulah teman yang sebaik-baiknya.”[5]

Beliau juga mengatakan,

لَا رَيْبَ أَنَّ الْأَذْكَارَ وَالدَّعَوَاتِ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الْعِبَادَاتِ وَالْعِبَادَاتُ مَبْنَاهَا عَلَى التَّوْقِيفِ وَالِاتِّبَاعِ لَا عَلَى الْهَوَى وَالِابْتِدَاعِ فَالْأَدْعِيَةُ وَالْأَذْكَارُ النَّبَوِيَّةُ هِيَ أَفْضَلُ مَا يَتَحَرَّاهُ الْمُتَحَرِّي مِنْ الذِّكْرِ وَالدُّعَاءِ وَسَالِكُهَا عَلَى سَبِيلِ أَمَانٍ وَسَلَامَةٍ وَالْفَوَائِدُ وَالنَّتَائِجُ الَّتِي تَحْصُلُ لَا يُعَبِّرُ عَنْهُ لِسَانٌ وَلَا يُحِيطُ بِهِ إنْسَانٌ وَمَا سِوَاهَا مِنْ الْأَذْكَارِ قَدْ يَكُونُ مُحَرَّمًا وَقَدْ يَكُونُ مَكْرُوهًا وَقَدْ يَكُونُ فِيهِ شِرْكٌ مِمَّا لَا يَهْتَدِي إلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ

”Tidak diragukan lagi bahwa dzikir dan do’a termasuk ibadah yang utama dan ibadah terbangun di atas pondasi tauqif  (terima jadi dari pembuat syari’at-peny) dan ittiba’ (mengikuti aturan syari’at-peny), bukan mengikuti keinginan pribadi dan ibtida’ (membuat-buat sendiri). Dengan demikian berbagai do’a dan dzikir yang dituntunkan oleh nabi merupakan bentuk yang terbaik. Orang yang mengikuti tuntunan nabi dalam berdo’a dan berdzikir berada di atas jalan keamanan dan keselamatan. Berbagai faedah dan buah yang dipetik (oelehnya) tidak dapat diungkapkan oleh lisan dan tidak dapat diketahui oleh manusia. Adapun berbagai dzikir selain yang dituntunkan nabi terkadang berstatus haram, makruh atau bahkan berstatus kesyirikan (yang sangat disayangkan) betapa banyak orang yang tidak memperoleh petunjuk dalam hal ini.”[6]

Satu pertanyaan penting yang patut dijawab,

“Bagaimana bisa seorang muslim meninggalkan berbagai keutamaan dan kebaikan yang telah nyata terdapat dalam do’a-do’a yang tercantum dalam Al Quran dan lebih mengutamakan untuk memanjatkan do’a kepada-Nya dengan berbagai do’a yang dibuat-buat oleh tuan guru, kyai, ustadz, dan semisalnya, padahal belum jelas keutamaan dan kebaikan dari do’a mereka tersebut?!”

Nabi dan Sahabat pun Memperhatikan

Perhatian terhadap penggunaan berbagai lafadz do’a yang syar’i juga dapat kita petik dari tindakan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam dan para sahabat. Mereka pun turut mengingkari penggunaan do’a-do’a yang direkayasa karena mengandung mudharat. Berikut beberapa contoh akan hal tersebut:

• Di dalam hadits diterangkan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam telah mengajarkan do’a kepada para sahabatnya sebagaimana beliau mengajarkan satu surat kepada mereka[7]. Beliau mengajarkan mereka untuk memperhatikan pengucapan huruf, urutan kata di dalam do’a, melarang mereka untuk menambahi atau mengurangi, menghimbau untuk mempelajari dan menjaga lafadz do’a yang diajarkan beliau.[8]
• Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam pernah menjenguk seorang yang sakit mendadak sehingga badannya pun melemah. Maka nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam pun bertanya, “Apakah engkau berdo’a atau meminta dengan lafadz do’a tertentu?” Pria tersebut menjawab, “Benar, saya memanjatkan do’a dengan lafadz berikut: “Wahai Allah, segala adzab yang Engkau sediakan untukku di akhirat, segerakanlah di dunia ini.” Nabi pun berkata, “Subhanallah, engkau tidak akan mampu memikulnya, mengapa engkau tidak mengucapkan, “Wahai Allah berikanlah kami kebaikan di dunia dan di akhirat, serta peliharalah kami dari siksa api neraka.” Anas mengatakan, “Pria tersebut berdo’a dengan do’a tersebut dan Allah pun memberi kesembuhan kepadanya.”[9]

Perhatikan! Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam menegur sahabat di atas karena do’a yang dipanjatkannya, do’a yang murni berasal dari dirinya sendiri mengandung kemudharatan meski motivasi sahabat memanjatkan do’a tersebut dikarenakan rasa takut beliau terhadap siksaan di akhirat kelak.

• Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam pernah mengajari sahabat Al Barra bin ‘Azib radhiallahu ‘anhu do’a tidur dengan lafadz berikut,

اَللَّهُمَّ أَسْلَمْتُ نَفْسِى إِلَيْكَ ، وَفَوَّضْتُ أَمْرِى إِلَيْكَ ، وَأَلْجَأْتُ ظَهْرِى إِلَيْكَ ، رَهْبَةً وَرَغْبَةً إِلَيْكَ ، لاَ مَلْجَأَ وَلاَ مَنْجَا مِنْكَ إِلاَّ إِلَيْكَ ، آمَنْتُ بِكِتَابِكَ الَّذِى أَنْزَلْتَ ، وَبِنَبِيِّكَ الَّذِى أَرْسَلْتَ

“Ya Allah, aku menyerahkan diriku kepada-Mu,menghadapkan wajahku kepada-Mu, menyerahkan semua urusanku kepada-Mu, menyandarkan punggungku kepada-Mu, karena mengharap dan takut kepada-Mu. Tidak ada tempat berlindung dan menyelamatkan diri dari ancaman-Mu kecuali kepada-Mu. Aku beriman kepada kitab yang Engkau turunkan dan kepada nabi yang Engkau utus.”

Ketika Al Barra mencoba menghafal do’a di atas, beliau keliru dan mengganti lafadz [نَبِيِّكَ] dengan   [رَسُولِكَ], nabi pun menegur dan mengoreksinya.[10] Hal ini menunjukkan perhatian nabi terhadap penggunaan do’a yang sesuai dengan tuntunan beliau, tanpa disertai tambahan dan pengurangan.

Imam Ibnu Hajar Al Asqalani rahimahullah mengatakan,

وأولى ما قيل في الحكمة في رده صلى الله عليه وسلم على من قال الرسول بدل النبي ان ألفاظ الأذكار توقيفية ولها خصائص وأسرار لا يدخلها القياس فتجب المحافظة على اللفظ الذي وردت به

“Hikmah yang paling utama dari tindakan penolakan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam kepada sahabat yang mengucapkan lafadz rasul sebagai ganti lafadz nabi bahwasanya lafadz-lafadz dzikir adalah tauqifiyah (harus mengikuti dalil, ed) dan memiliki berbagai kekhususan dan rahasia yang tidak bisa diketahui oleh akal, sehingga wajib menggunakan berbagai lafadz do’a yang disyari’atkan (baca: terdapat dalam Al Quran dan sunnah).”[11]

• Para sahabat justru mendatangi nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam dan meminta beliau untuk mengajarkan do’a kepada mereka, padahal mereka adalah kaum yang berilmu dan fasih dalam berbahasa. Tengoklah permintaan Abu Bakr ash shiddiq radhiallahu ‘anhu yang meminta nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam untuk mengajarkan sebuah do’a untuk dia ucapkan di dalam shalat.[12]
• Imam Ahmad meriwayatkan dan selainnya dari Abdullah bin Mughaffal radhiallahu ‘anhu, dia mendengar anaknya tengah bermunajat dengan do’a berikut,

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَسْأَلُكَ الْقَصْرَ الأَبْيَضَ عَنْ يَمِينِ الْجَنَّةِ إِذَا دَخَلْتُهَا

“Ya Allah, sesungguhnya aku meminta kepada-Mu istana putih di surga bagian kanan jika aku memasukinya.”

Abdullah bin Mughaffal pun mengoreksi anaknya,

أَىْ بُنَىَّ سَلِ اللَّهَ الْجَنَّةَ وَتَعَوَّذْ بِهِ مِنَ النَّارِ فَإِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- يَقُولُ « إِنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ فِى هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ قَوْمٌ يَعْتَدُونَ فِى الطُّهُورِ وَالدُّعَاءِ

“Wahai anakku, cukup engkau meminta jannah kepada Allah dan meminta perlindungan kepada-Nya dari api neraka. Sesungguhnya aku mendengar rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Akan ada sekelompok orang dari umat ini yang melampaui batas dalam bersuci dan berdo’a.”[13]

Perhatikan pengingkaran Ibnu Mughaffal radhiallahu ‘anhu terhadap do’a yang dipanjatkan anaknya, yang merupakan hasil rekayasa sang anak. Hal ini menunjukkan pada kita, do’a yang tidak bersumber dari Al Quran dan sunnah rentan keliru.

Dampak Negatif Penggunaan Do’a dan Dzikir yang Diada-adakan

Syaikh Abdurrazzaq hafizhahullah mengatakan, “Barangsiapa yang merenungkan realitas sebagian kaum muslimin, terlebih mereka yang berafiliasi kepada sebagian tarekat sufi, akan menjumpai bahwa mereka sibuk mengerjakan berbagai macam dzikir dan do’a yang diada-adakan (baca: bid’ah). Mereka pun membacanya siang dan malam, sepanjang pagi dan petang. Dengan sebab itu, mereka pun meninggalkan (do’a-do’a) yang terdapat dalam Al Quran, berpaling dari berbagai do’a yang berasal dari rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Setiap tarekat memiliki wirid-wirid khusus yang dibaca dengan metode tertentu, sehingga setiap tarekat sufi memiliki kumpulan wirid dan hizb khusus, setiap kelompok saling membanggakan wirid dan hizib yang dimiliki dan berkeyakinan bahwa wirid tersebut lebih afdhal daripada wirid yang dimiliki tarekat sufi yang lain.”[14]

Serupa dengan penuturan Syaikh Abdurazzaq, pemaparan yang dikemukakan oleh Syaikh Muhammad al Khidr bin Mayabi Asy Syinqithi dalam kitab beliau “Musytahil Kharifil Janni fii Raddi Zalaqaatit Tijanil Janni”, tatkala membantah kaum sufi Tijani.

Beliau mengatakan, “Sesungguhnya mereka (kaum Tijani) gemar terhadap sesuatu yang asing (yang tidak berasal dari agama ini, pent-). Oleh karena itu, anda dapat melihat mereka lebih senang untuk bershalawat dengan menggunakan lafadz-lafadz shalawat yang terdapat dalam kitab Dalaa-iul Khairaat dan yang semisalnya, padahal sebagian besar riwayat tersebut tidak memiliki sanad yang shahih. Anda pun dapat melihat mereka benci untuk menggunakan berbagai lafadz shalawat yang diriwayatkan secara shahih dari nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam dan tercantum dalam Shahih Bukhari. Tidak akan anda temui seorang pun dari para ulama yang berwirid dengan lafadz-lafadz shalawat dari kitab tersebut (Dalaa-ilul Khairaat-pent). Perbuatan yang mereka lakukan itu tidak lain disebabkan karena kegemaran mereka terhadap sesuatu yang asing (bid’ah). Adapun jika kebenaran itu terlihat, tentulah seorang yang berakal, terlebih seorang ulama, tidak akan berpaling dari lafadz shalawat yang shahih dan berasal dari nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam, kemudian dirinya malah beralih kepada lafadz shalawat yang tidak terdapat dalam hadits shahih, atau bahkan beralih pada lafadz shalawat yang bersumber dari mimpi-mimpi orang yang sekilas terlihat shalih.”[15]

Demikianlah keadaan kaum muslimin yang terjadi saat ini. Mereka lebih mengutamakan do’a dan dzikir yang diajarkan dan dituntunkan oleh syaikh, guru, ustadz, atau kyai mereka tanpa memperhatikan bersumber dari mana do’a dan dzikir tersebut. Padahal sebaik-baik tuntunan adalah tuntunan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam.

Sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan tuntunan nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam jelas merupakan suatu keburukan dan memiliki dampak negatif. Tidak terkecuali dengan berbagai ragam do’a dan dzikir bid’ah ini. Diantara dampak negatif hal tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:

• Do’a dan dzikir yang bid’ah tidak mampu memenuhi tujan peribadatan, yaitu menyucikan dan membersihkan hati dari berbagai kotoran, tidak mampu menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit yang bersarang di dalam hati, apatah lagi mendekatkan hati kepada sang Pencipta. Berbeda halnya dengan do’a dan dzikir yang bersumber dari Al Quran dan hadits yang shahih, do’a dan dzikir yang bersumber dari keduanya merupakan obat yang sangat berguna untuk menghilangkan berbagai kotoran dan penyakit di dalam hati. Dengan demikian orang yang lebih memilih untuk menggunakan berbagai do’a dan dzikir yang bid’ah, adalah mereka yang lebih memilih sesuatu yang hina sebagai ganti dari sesuatu yang lebih baik.

• Do’a dan dzikir bid’ah tersebut menjadikan pelakunya terluput dari pahala besar yang disediakan bagi mereka yang konsisten mengerjakan dan menerapkan dengan benar berbagai do’a dan wirid yang bersumber dari Al Quran dan sunnah. Mereka yang mengerjakan berbagai do’a dan dzikir bid’ah tersebut tidak mendatangkan pahala dan manfaat bagi, justru mereka memperoleh kemurkaan Allah ta’ala atas perbuatannya tersebut.

• Do’a yang diada-adakan (bid’ah) bertentangan dengan syari’at, oleh karenanya sangat sulit terkabul, padahal tujuan dari berdo’a adalah agar permohonan kita dikabulkan. Mengapa do’a yang bid’ah tertolak? Karena nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda,

من عمل عملا ليس عليه أمرنا فهو رد

“Barangsiapa yang mengerjakan suatu amalan yang tidak dituntunkan dalam agama, maka amalannya tersebut tertolak.”[16]

• Berbagai do’a dan dzikir yang bid’ah pada umumnya mengandung berbagai perkara yang mungkar, entah karena dipraktekkan dengan keliru dan tidak pada tempatnya, sebagai perantara kesyirikan, mengandung tawassul bid’ah, atau bahkan kesyirikan yang nyata karena memanjatkan permintaan yang hanya pantas ditujukan kepada Allah, Rabbul ‘alamin. Contoh akan hal ini seperti qasidah dalam kitab Syawahidul Haqq[17] karya Yusuf An Nabhani ash Shufi,

يا رسول الإله إني ضعيف              فاشفعني أنت مقصد للشفاء

يا رسوا لإله إن لم تغثني                 فإلى من ترى يكون التجائي

Wahai rasulullah, sesungguhnya aku tidak berdaya

Maka berilah syafaat untuk diriku, dirimulah harapanku untuk sembuh

Wahai rasululah, jika engkau tidak menolongku

Kepada siapa lagi aku berlindung[18]

• Orang yang mempraktekkan do’a dan dzikir bid’ah dan meninggalkan tuntunan Allah dan rasul-Nya telah membarter kebaikan dengan keburukan, mengganti sesuatu yang bermanfaat dengan yang berbahaya, dan tidak disangsikan lagi hal ini tentu merupakan kerugian yang teramat nyata.

• Seorang yang rutin mengerjakan berbagai do’a dan dzikir yang bid’ah pada umumnya tidak tahu akan maknanya dikarenakan berbagai wirid tersebut tersusun dari berbagai ungkapan yang asing dan tidak jelas. Padahal yang dituntut dalam berdo’a dan berdzikir adalah menghadirkan hati dan ikhlas. Bagaimana bisa hal itu tercapai jika kita tidak tahu akan makna do’a dan dzikir yang dipanjatkan?!

Seorang yang berdo’a namun tidak tahu akan makna do’a yang dipanjatkan tidak bisa dikatakan dia sedang meminta atau berdo’a kepada Allah, karena dia tidak tahu apa yang sedang diminta, dia seperti seorang yang hanya menuturkan perkataan orang lain. Renungkanlah!

Waffaqaniyallahu wa iyyakum.

Buaran Indah, Tangerang, 19 Rajab 1431 H.

Penulis: Muhammad Nur Ichwan Muslim

Artikel www.muslim.or.id

[2] Pembahasan ini turut mencakup dzikir karena pada dasarnya dzikir termasuk do’a.

[3] Al Jami’ Li Ahkamil Qur-an 4/226.

[4] Al Futuhaat Ar Rabbaniyah 1/17.

[5] Al Fatawa 1/346.

[6] Al Fatawa 22/511.

[7] Lihat HR. Bukhari: 1109 dan Muslim: 403.

[8] Fathul Baari 11/183.

[9] HR. Muslim: 2688.

[10] HR. Muslim: 2710.

[11] Fathul Baari: 11/112.

[12] HR. Bukhari: 5967 dan Muslim: 2705.

[13] HR. Abu Dawud: 96, Ibnu Majah:

[14] Fiqhul Ad’iyah wal Adzkar 2/54.

[15] Dikutip dari Ash Shalawat karya Syaikh Abdul Muhsin al ‘Abbad hfz.

[16] HR. Muslim: 1718.

[17] Syawahidul Haqq hlm. 352.

[18] Qasidah ini mengandung kesyirikan yang teramat nyata berdasarkan dua hal. Pertama, di dalamnya termuat permohonan kepada rasulullah terhadap sesuatu yang tidak mampu dilakukan beliau shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Lihatlah surat Al A’raaf: 188. Kedua, permintaan ini dilakukan ketika rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam telah wafat, padahal rasulullah hanya mampu memohonkan kebaikan bagi seorang ketika beliau masih hidup.

‘Aisyah radhiallahu ‘anha pernah mengatakan, “Aduh,  bisa mati aku karena sakit kepala! ” Maka nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam mengatakan,

ذَاكِ لَوْ كَانَ وَأَنَا حَىٌّ ، فَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكِ وَأَدْعُو لَكِ

“Jika hal itu terjadi dan aku masih hidup, maka aku akan memohon ampun dan berdo’a bagimu.” (HR. Bukhari: 5342).

Renungkanlah hadits nabi di atas! Hadits tersebut merupakan salah satu nash (dalil tegas) yang membantah keyakinan kaum muslimin yang mengagungkan kubur para wali.

اللهم صل صلاة كاملة وسلم سلاما تاما على سيدنا محمد الذي تنحل به العقد وتنفرج به الكرب وتقضى به الحوائج وتنال به الرغائب وحسن الخواتيم ويستسقى الغمام بوجهه الكريم وعلى آله وصحبه عدد كل معلوم لك

Allahumma sholli sholaatan kaamilatan Wa sallim salaaman taaman ‘ala sayyidinaa Muhammadin Alladzi tanhallu bihil ‘uqadu, wa tanfariju bihil kurabu, wa tuqdhaa bihil hawaa’iju Wa tunaalu bihir raghaa’ibu wa husnul khawaatimi wa yustasqal ghomaamu bi wajhihil kariimi, wa ‘alaa aalihi, wa shahbihi ‘adada kulli ma’luumin laka

Artinya:

“Ya Allah, limpahkanlah pujian yang sempurna dan juga keselamatan sepenuhnya, Kepada pemimpin kami Muhammad, Yang dengan sebab beliau ikatan-ikatan (di dalam hati) menjadi terurai, Berkat beliau berbagai kesulitan menjadi lenyap, Berbagai kebutuhan menjadi terpenuhi, Dan dengan sebab pertolongan beliau pula segala harapan tercapai, Begitu pula akhir hidup yang baik didapatkan, Berbagai gundah gulana akan dimintakan pertolongan dan jalan keluar dengan perantara wajahnya yang mulia, Semoga keselamatan juga tercurah kepada keluarganya, dan semua sahabatnya sebanyak orang yang Engkau ketahui jumlahnya.”

Syaikh berkata:

“Sesungguhnya aqidah tauhid yang diserukan oleh Al-Qur’an Al Karim dan diajarkan kepada kita oleh Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam mewajibkan kepada setiap muslim untuk meyakini bahwa Allah semata yang berkuasa untuk melepaskan ikatan-ikatan di dalam hati, menyingkirkan kesusahan-kesusahan, memenuhi segala macam kebutuhan dan memberikan permintaan orang yang sedang meminta kepada-Nya. Oleh sebab itu seorang muslim tidak boleh berdoa kepada selain Allah demi menghilangkan kesedihan atau menyembuhkan penyakitnya meskipun yang di serunya adalah malaikat utusan atau Nabi yang dekat (dengan Allah). Al-Qur’an ini telah mengingkari perbuatan berdoa kepada selain Allah baik kepada para rasul ataupun para wali. Allah berfirman yang artinya:

أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ يَبْتَغُونَ إِلَى رَبِّهِمُ الْوَسِيلَةَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ وَيَرْجُونَ رَحْمَتَهُ وَيَخَافُونَ عَذَابَهُ إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ كَانَ مَحْذُورًا

“Bahkan sesembahan yang mereka seru (selain Allah) itu justru mencari kedekatan diri kepada Rabb mereka dengan menempuh ketaatan supaya mereka semakin bertambah dekat kepada-Nya dan mereka pun berharap kepada rahmat-Nya serta merasa takut akan azab-Nya. Sesungguhnya siksa Rabbmu adalah sesuatu yang harus ditakuti.” (QS. Al-Israa’: 57). Para ulama tafsir mengatakan bahwa ayat ini turun berkenaan dengan orang-orang yang berdoa kepada Isa Al-Masih atau memuja malaikat atau jin-jin yang saleh (sebagaimana diceritakan oleh Ibnu Katsir).”

Beliau melanjutkan penjelasannya:

“Bagaimana Rasul shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bisa merasa ridha kalau beliau dikatakan sebagai orang yang bisa melepaskan ikatan-ikatan hati dan bisa melenyapkan berbagai kesusahan padahal Al-Qur’an saja telah memerintahkan beliau untuk berkata tentang dirinya:

قُلْ لا أَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِي نَفْعًا وَلا ضَرًّا إِلا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ لاسْتَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَمَا مَسَّنِيَ السُّوءُ إِنْ أَنَا إِلا نَذِيرٌ وَبَشِيرٌ لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ

“Katakanlah: Aku tidak berkuasa atas manfaat dan madharat bagi diriku sendiri kecuali sebatas apa yang dikehendaki Allah. Seandainya aku memang mengetahui perkara ghaib maka aku akan memperbanyak kebaikan dan tidak ada keburukan yang akan menimpaku. Sesungguhnya aku hanyalah seorang pemberi peringatan dan kabar gembira bagi orang-orang yang beriman.” (QS. Al-A’raaf)

Pada suatu saat ada seseorang yag datang menemui Rasul shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam dan mengatakan: “Atas kehendak Allah dan kehendakmu wahai Rasul”, Maka beliau menghardiknya dengan mengatakan, “Apakah kamu ingin menjadikan aku sebagai sekutu bagi Allah? Katakan: Atas kehendak Allah semata.” Nidd atau sekutu artinya: matsiil wa syariik (yang serupa dan sejawat) (HR. Nasa’i dengan sanad hasan)

Beliau melanjutkan lagi penjelasannya:

“Seandainya kita ganti kata bihi (به) (dengan sebab beliau) dengan bihaa (بها) (dengan sebab shalawat) maka tentulah maknanya akan benar tanpa perlu memberikan batasan bilangan sebagaimana yang disebutkan tadi. Sehingga bacaannya menjadi seperti ini:

اللهم صل صلاة كاملة وسلم سلاما تاما على سيدنا محمد التي تحل بها العقد

Allahumma sholli sholaatan kaamilatan wa sallim salaaman taamman ‘ala sayyidinaa Muhammadin Allati tuhillu bihal ‘uqadu (artinya ikatan hati menjadi terlepas karena shalawat)

Hal itu karena membaca shalawat kepada Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam adalah ibadah yang bisa dijadikan sarana untuk bertawassul memohon dilepaskan dari kesedihan dan kesusahan. Mengapa kita membaca bacaan shalawat bid’ah ini yang hanya berasal dari ucapan makhluk biasa sebagaimana kita dan justru meninggalkan kebiasaan membaca shalawat Ibrahimiyah (yaitu yang biasa kita baca dalam shalat, pent) yang berasal dari ucapan Rasul yang Ma’shum?”

***

Penulis: Muhammad Jamil Zainu
Diterjemahkan oleh Abu Mushlih Ari Wahyudi
Artikel www.muslim.or.id

Nearly four thousand years ago, in the Sumerian town of Ur in the valley of the river Euphrates, lived a young man named Abraham. The people of Ur had once worshipped Allah but as time passed they forgot the true religion and started praying to idols, statues made of wood or clay and sometimes even of precious stones. Even as a small child Abraham could not understand how his people, and especially his father, could make these images with their own hands, call them gods, and then worship them. He had always refused to join his people when they paid respect to these statues. He would leave town to sit alone and think about heavens and the worlds around him.. He was sure his people were doing wrong and so alone he searched for the right way. One clear night as he sat staring at the sky he saw a beautiful shining star, so beautiful that he cried out: ‘This must be Allah!’ He looked at it in awe for some time, until suddenly it began to fade and then it disappeared. He turned away in disappointment saying: I love not things that set. (Koran vi.77) On another night Abraham was again looking at the sky and he saw the rising moon, so big and bright that he felt he could almost touch it. He thought to himself: This is my Lord. (Koran vi.78) But it was not long before the moon set as well. Then he said, Unless my Lord guides me, I surely shall become one of the folk who are astray. (Koran vi.78) Abraham then saw the beauty and splendor of the sunrise and decided that the sun must be the biggest and most powerful thing in the universe. But for the third time he was wrong, for the sun set at the end of the day. It was then that he realized that Allah is the Most Powerful, the Creator of the stars, the moon, the sun, the earth and of all living things. Suddenly he felt himself totally at peace, because he knew that he had found the Truth. When he said unto his father and his folk: What do you worship? They said: We worship idols, and are ever devoted to them.

He said: Do they hear you when you cry? Or do they benefit or harm you? They said: Nay, but we found our fathers acting in this manner.
He said: See now that which you worship, You and your forefathers! Lo! they are (all) an enemy to me, except the Lord of the Worlds. Who created me, and He guides me, And Who feeds me and waters me. And when I sicken, then He heals me. And Who causes me to die, then gives me life (again) And Who, I ardently hope, will forgive me my sin on the Day of judgement. (Koran xxvi.70-82)
One day, while all the townspeople were out, Abraham angrily smashed all the idols with his right hand except for one which was very large. When the people returned they were furious.
They remembered the things Abraham had said about the idols. They had him brought forth before everyone and demanded, ‘Is it you who did this to our gods, 0 Abraham?’ Abraham replied, “But this their chief did it. Ask them, if they are able to speak”. The people exclaimed,”‘You know they do not speak”.

‘ ‘Do you worship what you yourselves have carved when Allah created you and what you make?’ Abraham continued, ‘Do you worship instead of Allah that which cannot profit you at all, nor harm you?’ (Koran xxxvii.95-6)(Koran xxi.66)
Finally, Abraham warned them, Serve Allah, and keep your duty unto Him; that is better for you if you did but know. You serve instead of Allah only idols, and you only invent a lie. Lo! those whom you serve instead of Allah own no provision for you. So seek your provision from Allah, and serve Him, and give thanks unto Him, (for) unto Him you will be brought back.(Koran xxix. 16-17)

The people of Ur decided to give Abraham the worst punishment they could find: he was to be burnt to death. On the chosen day all the people gathered in the centre of the city and even the King of Ur was there. Abraham was then placed inside a special building filled with wood. The wood was lit. Soon the fire became so strong that the people were pushed back by the flames.

But Allah said: “O fire, be coolness and peace for Abraham”. (Koran xxi.69)
The people waited until the fire had completely died down, and it was then that they saw Abraham still sitting there as though nothing had happened! At that moment they were utterly confused. They were not, however, moved by the miracle that had just happened before their very eyes.
Still Abraham tried to persuade his own dear father, who was named Azar, not to worship powerless, un-seeing, un-hearing statues. Abraham explained that special knowledge had come to him and implored his father, ‘So follow me and I will lead you on the right path. O my father! Don’t serve the Devil.’ But Azar would not listen. He threatened his son with stoning if he continued to reject the gods of Ur. He ordered Abraham to leave the city with these words: ‘Depart from me a long while.’ Abraham said, ‘Peace be upon you! I shall ask my Lord’s forgiveness for you. Surely He was ever gracious to me.’ (Koran xix.43-7)
Imagine how terrible it must have been for him to leave his home, his family and all that he knew, and set out across the wilderness into the unknown. But at the same time, how could he have remained among people who did not believe in Allah and who worshipped statues? Abraham always had a sense that Allah cared for him and he felt Allah near him as he traveled. At last, after a long hard journey, he arrived at a place by the Mediterranean Sea, not far from Egypt. There he married a noble woman by the name of Sarah and settled in the land of Palestine. Many years passed but Abraham and his wife were not blessed with any children. In the hope that there would be a child, and in keeping with tradition, Sarah suggested that Abraham should marry Hagar, her Egyptian maid. Soon after this took place, Hagar had a little boy named Ishmael. Some time later Allah promised Abraham another son, but this time the mother of the child would be his first wife, Sarah. This second son would be called Isaac. Allah also told Abraham that from his two sons-Ishmael and Isaac-two nations and three messages would be founded and because of this he must take Hagar and Ishmael away from Palestine to a new land.

but found none. So she went to the other hill and did the same. She did this seven times. Then sadly she returned to her son, and to her great surprise and joy she found a spring of water bubbling out of the earth near him. This spring, near which the mother and child settled, was later called Zamzam. The area around it became a place of rest for the caravans travelling across the desert and in time grew into the famous trading city of Mecca.
From time to time Abraham traveled from Palestine to visit his family and he saw Ishmael grow into a strong young man. It was during one of these visits that Allah commanded them to rebuild the Ka’bah-the very first place where people had worshipped Allah. They were told exactly where and how to build it. It was to be erected by the well of Zamzam and built in the shape of a cube. In its eastern corner was to be placed a black stone that had fallen to earth from heaven. An angel brought the stone to them from the nearby hill of Abu Qubays.

The Children Of Ishmael
Over the years Ishmael’s children themselves had children. His descendants increased and formed tribes which spread out all over Arabia. One of these tribes was called Quraysh. Its people never moved away from Mecca and always lived near the Ka’bah. One of the duties of the leader of Quraysh was to look after those who came on pilgrimage to the Ka’bah. The pilgrims would come from all over Arabia and it was a great honor to provide them with food and water.

As time passed, however, the Arabs stopped worshipping Allah directly and started bringing idols back with them from the different countries they visited. These idols were placed at the Ka’bah, which was no longer regarded as the Sanctuary of Allah, as Abraham had intended it. It was, however, still respected by the Arabs. Around this time the well of Zamzam disappeared beneath the sand.

Hashim proposed marriage to her and was accepted because he was an honorable and distinguished man.
In time, Salma’ gave birth to a beautiful son and as some of his hair was white they called him Shaybah, which in Arabic means grey-haired’.

Mother and son stayed in the cooler, healthier climate of Yathrib, while Hashim returned to Mecca, but he would visit them each time he took his caravan to the north. During one of these journeys, however, Hashim became ill and died. Shaybah, a handsome, intelligent boy, grew up in his uncle’s house in Yathrib. He was proud of being the son of Hashim ibn ‘Abdi Manaf, the head of Quraysh, guardian of the Ka’bah and protector of the pilgrims, even though he had not known his father, who had died while Shaybah was very young.
At Hashim’s death his brother al-Muttalib took over his duties and responsibilities. He traveled to Yathrib to see his nephew, Shaybah, and decided that as the boy would one day inherit his father’s place,

The people of Quraysh, thus, had to fetch their water from far away for many years. One day ‘Abd al-Muttalib was very tired from doing this and fell asleep next to the Ka’bah. He had a dream in which he was told to dig up Zamzam. When he woke up he was puzzled because he did not know what Zamzam was, the well having disappeared many years before he was born. The next day he had the same dream, but this time he was told where to find the well.
‘Abd al-Muttalib had one son at that time, and together they began to dig. The work was so difficult that ‘Abd al-Muttalib made an oath to Allah that if one day he were to have ten sons to help him and stand by him, in return he would sacrifice one of them in Allah’s honor. After working for three days they finally found the well of Zamzam. Pilgrims have been drinking from it ever since. The years passed by and ‘Abd al-Muttalib did have ten sons. They grew into fine, strong men and the time came for him to keep his promise to Allah. He told his sons about the promise and they agreed that he had to sacrifice one of them To see which one it would be,

Some of the Meccans went with them. “How much is the ransom in your tribe?”, the woman asked. They told her, ‘Ten camels’, for at that time if one man killed another, his family would have to give ten camels to the dead man’s family in order to keep the peace among them. So the woman told them to go back to the Ka’bah and draw lots between ‘Abd Allah and ten camels. If the camels were chosen, they were to be killed and the meat given to the poor. If ‘Abd Allah was picked then ten more camels were to be added and the lots drawn again and again until they finally fell on the camels.
‘Abd al-Muttalib returned to the Ka’bah with his son and the people of Mecca. There they started to draw lots between ‘Abd Allah and the camels, starting with ten camels. ‘Abd al-Muttalib prayed to Allah to spare his son and everyone waited in silence for the result. The choice fell on ‘Abd Allah, so his father added ten more camels. Again the choice fell on ‘Abd Allah, so they did the same thing again and again,

‘Abd al-Muttalib sent another son, al-Hareth, to bring ‘Abd Allah back to Mecca, but he was too late.
When he arrived in Yathrib ‘Abd Allah was dead. Aminah was heart-broken to lose her husband and the father of the child she would soon give birth to. Only Allah knew that this orphan child would one day be a great Prophet.

The Elephant Refuses To Move
Abrahah, who came from Abyssinia-a country in Africa-conquered Yemen and was made vice-regent there. Later, he noticed that at a certain time of the year large numbers of people would travel from all over Yemen and the rest of Arabia to Mecca. He asked the reason for this and was told that they were going on pilgrimage to the Ka’bah. Abrahah hated the idea of Mecca being more important than his own country, so he decided to build a church of colored marble, with doors of gold and ornaments of silver, and ordered the people to visit it instead of the Ka’bah. But no one obeyed him.
Abrahah became angry and decided to destroy the Ka’bah.

He put armor on his elephant and drew up his troops for battle. He intended to destroy the Ka’bah and then return to Yemen. At that moment, however, the elephant knelt down and refused to get up, no matter how much the soldiers tried to get it to move by beating it.

But when they turned its face in the direction of Yemen it immediately got up and started off. In fact, it did the same in any other direction, but as soon as they pointed it towards Mecca it knelt down again. Suddenly, flocks of birds appeared from over the sea. Each bird carried three stones as small as peas and they dropped them on Abrahah’s army. The soldiers suddenly fell ill. Even Abrahah was hit by the stones and fled in fear with the rest of his army back to Yemen, where he later died. On seeing their enemy flee the Arabs came down from the mountains to the Ka’bah and gave thanks to Allah.
After this, Quraysh gained great respect and became known as ‘the people of Allah’,

Meanwhile in Mecca, Aminah, although saddened by the loss of her husband, felt especially well and strong as she awaited the birth of her baby. During this time she dreamt of many things. On one occasion it was as if a great light were shining out of her, and on another she heard a voice telling her that she would have a boy and that his name would be Muhammad. She never forgot that voice but she told no one about it.
On Monday, the twelfth day of Rabi al-Awwal in the Year of the Elephant, Aminah gave birth to a son. Allah sends man many signs when one of His chosen Prophets is born and on that twelfth day of Rabi al-Awwal in the year 570 A.D, many such signs were seen. Some were seen by Jewish scholars who had read in their scriptures of a coming Prophet. One of these learned men in Yathrib, for instance, saw a brilliant new star he had never seen before as he studied the heavens that night. He called the people around him and,

.
A Time With Halimah
Like many other women in Mecca, Aminah decided to send her son away from the city for his early years to the desert where it was more healthy. Women from the desert used to come to Mecca to collect the new babies and they would then keep them until they developed into strong children, for which they were well paid by the parents.

Among the women who traveled to Mecca to fetch a new baby at the time Aminah’s son was born, was a Bedouin woman called Halimah. With her was her husband and baby son. They had always been very poor but this year things were harder than ever because there had been famine. The donkey that earned Halimah on the journey was so weak from hunger that he often stumbled. Halimah’s own baby son cried all the time because his mother could not feed him properly. Even their she-camel did not give them one drop of milk. Halimah did not know what to do.

and the date palms , one of their main sources of food, gave lots of fruit. Even the sheep and their old she-camel began to give plenty of milk.
Halimah and her husband knew that this good fortune had come because they had the new baby, Muhammad (pbuh), whom they had come to love as if he were their own son.
When Muhammad (pbuh) was two years old, Halimah took him back to his mother. She pleaded with Aminah, however, to let her keep him for a little longer, and to her great joy the mother agreed. During his time with Halimah’s family in the desert, Muhammad (pbuh) played with her children and together they would take the sheep out to graze. At other times, however, Halimah would often find him sitting alone. It is said that on one occasion, two angels came to Muhammad (pbuh) and washed his heart with snow. In this way Allah made his heart pure for He intended Muhammad (pbuh) to be greater than any man ever born and to become the Seal of the Prophets.
In the Name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful

On their way back to Mecca, however, Aminah became ill and died. She was buried in the village at al-Abwa not far from Yathrib. Muhammad (pbuh) returned sadly to Mecca with his mother’s maid He was now six years old and had lost both his father and mother. He was then adopted by his grandfather, ‘Abd al-Muttalib, who loved him dearly and kept him by his side at all times. It was the custom of ‘Abd al-Muttalib to sit on a blanket near the Ka’bah. There he was always surrounded by people who had come to speak to him. No one was allowed to sit on the blanket with him, however, except his grandson Muhammad (pbuh), which shows how close they were to each other. Many times ‘Abd al-Muttalib was heard to say: ‘This boy will be very important one day.’
Two years later ‘Abd al-Muttalib became ill and Muhammad (pbuh) stayed by him constantly. ‘Abd al-Muttalib told his son, Abu Talib, to adopt Muhammad (pbuh) after his death, which he did. Abu Talib had many children of his own,

Realizing that what he had just seen was a miracle, he began to think that his wish might, after all, come true.
The monk sent an invitation to the Meccans to come and eat with him. The Arabs were surprised because they often passed by and Bahira’ had never invited them before. When the group was all together for the meal, the monk said, ‘Is this everyone?’ ‘No’, someone said, ‘a boy was left watching the camels.’ Bahira’ insisted that the boy should join them. The boy was Muhammad (pbuh). When he arrived Bahira’ said nothing, but watched him all through the meal. He noticed many things about his appearance which fitted the description in the old manuscripts. Later on he took him aside and asked Muhammad (pbuh) many questions. He soon found out how he felt about the idols in the Ka’bah. When Bahira tried to make him swear by them, as the Arabs used to do, Muhammad (pbuh) said, ‘There is nothing in this world that I hate more’. They talked together about Allah and about Mohammed’s life and family. What was said made Bahira certain that this was indeed the Prophet who would come after Jesus.

When he reached the house he heard the sounds of music and dancing but just as he was about to enter he suddenly felt tired and, sitting down, fell asleep. He didn’t wake up until late the next morning and thus missed the celebrations. In this way Allah prevented him from doing anything foolish for He was keeping Muhammad (pbuh) for something much more important.

The Prophet’s Marriage
By the time Muhammad (pbuh) was twenty-five he was famous for his honesty. He was respected by everyone, even the elders of Mecca. The purity of his nature increased with the years. It seemed he had an inner knowledge that other people did not have. He believed in one God-Creator of the world-and he worshipped Him with all his heart and with all his soul. Muhammad (pbuh) was the finest of his people, the most kind, truthful and reliable person in Mecca. He was known among Quraysh as ‘the trustworthy’ (al-Amin) because of the good qualities Allah had given him. He spent many quiet hours in a cave in Mount Hira, not far from Mecca,

when the sun is at its hottest. Maysarah was riding behind Muhammad (pbuh) and as the sun grew hotter he saw two angels appear above Muhammad (pbuh) and shield him from the sun’s harmful rays. The trading was very successful and Muhammad (pbuh) made more profit for Khadijah than she had ever received before.
When they arrived back in Mecca Maysarah told Khadijah everything about the trip and what he had noticed about Mohammed’s character and behavior.
Khadijah was a widow in her forties and as well as being rich and highly respected she was also very beautiful.
Many men wanted to marry her but none of them suited her. When she met Muhammad (pbuh), however, she thought he was very special. She sent a friend to ask Muhammad (pbuh) why he was not married. Muhammad (pbuh) said that it was because he had no money, to which the friend replied: ‘Supposing a rich, beautiful and noble lady agreed to marry you?’ Muhammad (pbuh) wanted to know who that could be. The friend told him it was Khadijah.

At last one of the wise old men of Quraysh decided to begin, then everybody followed him. They worked until they reached down to the first foundation that Abraham had built. As soon as they began to remove the stones of this foundation, however, the whole of Mecca began to shake.
They were so afraid that they decided to leave these stones where they were and build on top of them. Each tribe brought stones and they built the Ka’bah up until they reached the place where the black stone was to be set. They then began to argue about who should have the honor of carrying the black stone and lifting it to its place in one of the corners of the Ka’bah.
They almost came to blows but fortunately one of the men offered a solution. He suggested that they should be guided by the first person to enter the place of worship. They all agreed and as Muhammad (pbuh) was the first to enter everyone was pleased, because they all trusted him.

the traditional month of retreat, in the cave. In the second half of Ramadan, Allah began to reveal His message for mankind through Muhammad (pbuh). This first Revelation occurred as follows. The Archangel Gabriel came to Muhammad (pbuh) in the cave and commanded him to ‘Read’. Muhammad (pbuh) replied ‘I cannot read.’ At this the Archangel took Muhammad (pbuh) in his arms and pressed him to him until it was almost too much to bear. He then released him and said again ‘Read.’ ‘I cannot’, replied Muhammad (pbuh), at which the Archangel embraced him again. For the third time the Archangel commanded Muhammad (pbuh) to read, but still he said he could not and was again embraced. On releasing him this time, however, the Archangel Gabriel said:
“Read: In the Name of thy Lord who createth, Createth man from a clot. Read: And thy Lord is the Most Generous Who teacheth by the pen, Teacheth man that which he knew not. (Koran xcvi.1-5) Muhammad (pbuh) repeated these verses, just as the Archangel had said them.

the Messenger of Allah, was eased by her faith in him, but after all that had happened he was exhausted and felt fast asleep.
Khadijah left the Prophet (pbuh) sleeping and went to see her cousin, Waraqah Ibn Nawfal, to ask him what he thought about all that had happened. Waraqah was a very wise man who had read many books and had become a Christian after studying the Bible. He told Khadijah that Muhammad (pbuh) had been chosen by Allah to be His Messenger. Just as the Archangel Gabriel had come to Moses before and had ordered him to guide his people, so, too, would Muhammad (pbuh) be the Prophet of his people. But Waraqah warned that all the people would not listen to the Prophet and some would mistreat his followers. He must, however, be patient because he had a great message for all the world. From that day on, the Archangel Gabriel came often to the Prophet (pbuh) and the verses he taught him, the message from Allah to man, were later written down, and are known to us as the Holy Koran

And by the night when it is stillest, Thy Lord hath neither forsaken thee nor doth He hate thee, And verily the Last will be better for thee than the First. And verily thy Lord will give unto thee so that thou wilt be content. Did He not find thee an orphan and protect thee? Did He not find thee wandering and guide thee? Did He not find thee destitute and enrich thee? Therefore the orphan oppress not, Therefore the beggar drive not away, And as for thy Lord’s blessing, declare it”. (Koran: xciii.1-11)
The Prophet (pbuh) began to speak secretly of Allah’s message to those Who were close to him and whom he could trust. At that time Mecca was going through hard times. There was very little food to be had. Abu Talib, the Prophet’s uncle, who had taken care of him after his grandfather’s death, was finding it very difficult to feed his large family.

The Prophet (pbuh) said that he and another uncle, al-’Abbas, who was a rich man,

He was puzzled and asked what they were doing. The Prophet (pbuh) explained to him that they were praising Allah and giving thanks to Him. That night ‘Ali stayed up thinking about all that the Prophet (pbuh) had said; he had great admiration and respect for his cousin. Finally he came to a decision and the next day he went to the Prophet (pbuh) and told him that he wanted to follow him. Thus Khadijah was the first woman to embrace Islam, the teachings which the Prophet (pbuh) brought from Allah, and ‘Ali was the first young man. Shortly after they were joined by Zayd ibn Harithah, a slave, freed and adopted by the Prophet (pbuh).
The Prophet (pbuh) began to leave Mecca with Ali in order to pray. One day Abu Talib happened to pass by and when he saw them he stopped and asked them what they were doing. The Prophet (pbuh) told him that they were praying and following the same religion as Abraham. He explained that, like Abraham, he had been ordered to guide the people to Allah’s truth. Abu Talib looked at his son,

Because of his wisdom, honesty, and kindness people had always turned to Abu Bakr for advice. He was, therefore, a man of some influence and through him many people came to Islam. Among these was Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas as, the uncle of Aminah, the Prophet’s mother. The night before Abu Bakr came to visit him and tell him about Islam, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas dreamt that he was walking in darkness. As he walked he saw the moon and when he looked at it he saw ‘Ali, Abu Bakr, and Zayd, the Prophet’s freed slave, beckoning to him to come and join them. When Abu Bakr told him about the Prophet’s religion, he understood the meaning of his dream and went at once to the Prophet (pbuh) and declared himself a Muslim. He understood that to be a Muslim means to submit oneself to Allah’s Will and to serve only Him. Another person brought to Islam by Abu Bakr was Bilal. One night Abu Bakr went to the house of Umayyah ibn Khalaf, one of the most important men of Quraysh. Umayyah was out and Abu Bakr found only Umayyah’s slave,

and to warn them of terrible punishments if they did not follow him in worshipping only Allah and none other. Abu Lahab, one of the Prophet’s uncles who was among the listeners, suddenly stood up and said, ‘May you perish! Did you call us here just to tell us this?’ At this, Allah sent to the Prophet (pbuh) the following Surah:
In the Name of Allah, The Beneficent, The Merciful
“The Power of Abu Lahab will perish, and he will perish. His wealth and gains will not save him. He shall roast at a flaming fire, And his wife, the carrier of firewood Will have upon her neck a rope of palm-fibre”. (Koran cxi.1-5)
Then the crowd dispersed and the Prophet (pbuh) was left alone. A few days later the Prophet (pbuh) tried again. A feast was prepared in his house for all of his uncles. After the meal he spoke to them and said, ‘O sons of ‘Abd al-Muttalib! I know of no Arab who has come to his people with a better message than mine. I have brought you the best news for this life and the next.

Later, Hamzah, one of the Prophet’s uncles, who was a strong and brave warrior of whom people were quite afraid, heard how his nephew had been insulted. Filled with rage, he ran straight to the Ka’bah where Abu Jahl was sitting among the people and struck him a violent blow in the face with his bow. Hamzah then shouted, ‘Will you insult him when I follow his religion, and I say what he says? Hit me back if you can!’ Some people got up to help Abu Jahl but he stopped them saying, ‘Leave Hamzah alone, for by Allah, I have insulted his nephew badly. ‘From that moment on Hamzah followed the teachings of the Prophet (pbuh) and with his conversion to Islam Quraysh realized that the Prophet (pbuh) had a strong supporter and so for a while they stopped persecuting him. Soon, however, the leaders of Quraysh became angry again, when they saw that the Prophet (pbuh) was going ahead with his teaching. A group of them went to his uncle, Abu Talib, who had promised to protect him. They told him to ask the Prophet (pbuh) to stop attacking their gods and their way of life,

From that time on, however hard the leaders of Quraysh tried to convince Abu Talib to stop protecting his nephew, he always refused to listen to them. In order to get rid of the Prophet (pbuh) and his followers, his enemies started persecuting those Muslims who were poor or weak, or had no powerful friends. One such person was Bilal, the slave of Umayyah ibn Khalaf. His master would take him out into the desert, tie him up, and leave him in the sun with a large stone on his chest. Fortunately Abu Bakr was passing by one day and saw Umayyah torturing Bilal, so he bought him from his master for a large sum of money and then set him free. But not all persecuted Muslims were as fortunate as Bilal. Many suffered, but all of them endured it patiently, knowing that they were doing the right thing and that their reward in the life to come would be greater’ than any happiness they could find on earth.

The Meccans were furious when they discovered that these Muslims had secretly left the city for among them were the sons and daughters of many of the leading families of Mecca.

The anger of the Meccans was even greater when they found out that the Muslims had been warmly welcomed in Abyssinia. The leaders of Quraysh decided to send two men to the Abyssinian king in hopes of persuading him to send the Muslims back. These were ‘Amr ibn al-’As, a very clever speaker, and ‘Abd Allah ibn abi Rabi’ah. Before they met this king, they gave each of his advisers a gift, saying: ‘Some foolish men from our people have come to hide in your country. Our leaders have sent us to your ruler to persuade him to send them back, so when we speak to the king about them, do advise him to give them up to us.’ The advisers agreed to do what the Meccans wished.

Amr ibn al-’As and ‘Abd Allah ibn abi Rabi’ah then went to the king and presented him also with a gift, saying: ‘Your Highness, these people have abandoned the religion we have always followed in Mecca,

So the king asked them to tell him about their religion.
Ja’far ibn abi Talib, Ali’s brother and a cousin of the Prophet (pbuh), was chosen to speak for the Muslims. He replied, ’0 King, at first we were among the ignorant. We and our ancestors had turned from the faith of Abraham, who, with Ishmael, rebuilt the Ka’bah and worshipped only Allah. We used idols in our worship of Allah; we ate meat that had not been killed in the right way; we did not respect the rights of our neighbors; the strong took advantage of the weak. We did terrible things of which I dare not speak. This was our life until Allah sent a Messenger from among us, one of our relatives, whom we have always known to be honest, innocent, and faithful. He asked us to worship only Allah, and to give up the bad customs of our forefathers. He asked us to be truthful and trustworthy, to respect and help our neighbors, to honor our families, and to put a stop to our bad deeds and endless fighting. He asked us to look after orphans. He ordered us not to slander or speak evil of women or men.

when she had Withdrawn from her people to an eastern place, And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our spirit and it assumed for her the likeness of a perfect man. She said: Lo! I seek refuge in the Beneficent One from thee, if Thou fearest God. He said: I am only a messenger of thy Lord, that I may bestow on thee a faultless son. She said: How can I have a son when no mortal hath touched me, neither have I been unchaste? He said: ‘Even so thy Lord saith: It is easy for Me. And (it will be) that We may make of him revelation for mankind and a mercy from Us, and it is a thing ordained. And she conceived him, and she withdrew with him to a far place. Then she brought him to her own folk, carrying him. They said: O Mary! Thou hast come with an monstrous thing. Oh sister of Aaron! Thy father was not a wicked man nor was thy mother a harlot. Then Mary pointed to the child (Jesus); But they said, ‘How can we speak to one who is still in the cradle, a young child?’ He said, ‘Lo, I am Allah’s servant; He has given me the Book,

Finally, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, one of the nobles of Mecca, decided that the only way to silence the Prophet (pbuh) was to kill him. Having made up his mind, he set out at once to look for him. On his way he met a man who saw at once what ‘Umar was going to do and said: ‘Why don’t you look a little closer to home before going to kill Muhammad? Don’t you know your own sister Fatimah is a Muslim?’ ‘Umar was shocked. He could not believe this was true. He went at once to his sister’s house. When he arrived outside the house he heard Fatimah and her husband Sa’id reading aloud surah Ta Ha, a chapter from the Koran. Hearing her brother’s voice at the door, Fatimah quickly hid the scroll with the surah written on it among the folds of her dress. ‘Umar stormed into the room and demanded, ‘What is this nonsense I heard?’ Fatimah denied everything. ‘Umar then lost his temper and attacked Fatimah’s husband shouting, ‘They tell me that you have joined Muhammad in his religion!’ Fatimah tried to defend her husband and ‘Umar hit her too.

yet Surely He knows the secret (thought) And that yet more hidden. Allah There is no god but He To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names”. (Koran xx: 1-8) . As he read, ‘Umar suddenly knew that these were the most beautiful words he had ever heard and that this religion must be the true one. With his sword still in hand, he went straight to the Prophet’s house and knocked loudly at the door. One of the Prophet’s closest followers looked out. There stood ‘Umar who was known for his courage and strength. When he saw ‘Umar so excited and with his sword in hand, he was afraid for the Prophet’s life. But the Prophet (pbuh) asked him to allow ‘Umar to come in and to leave them alone together. The Prophet (pbuh) asked ‘Umar why he had come, to which he replied: ‘I have come to swear that there is no god but Allah and that you, Muhammad, are the Messenger of Allah.’ As he spoke these words, his hand still held the sword with which he had intended to kill the Prophet (pbuh). This same sword’ would now be used to defend the Prophet (pbuh) and the faith of Islam.

they decided instead to avoid him and his followers completely. A declaration to this effect was hung at the Ka’bah. It stated that no one in the city was allowed to have anything to do with the Prophet (pbuh) and his people, or even to sell them any food or drink whatsoever.
At first the Muslims found some support among the Bani Hashim, the branch of Quraysh to which the Prophet (pbuh) belonged. Some of these people were not Muslims but showed loyalty to their kinsmen by suffering along with them. However, life grew more and more difficult and food was scarce. The hatred of the rest of Quraysh for the followers of the Prophet (pbuh) grew so great that when his companions tried to buy supplies from a caravan passing near to Mecca, Abu Lahab, one of the Muslims’ worst enemies, offered ten times the price of the goods to the merchant. By doing this he managed to stop the Muslims, from buying what they desperately needed. During the years of this terrible treatment, a wonderful thing happened.

The Year of Sorrow
The Prophet (pbuh) and his followers went back to a normal way of life but the years of hardship had made Khadijah very weak.

She became ill and soon afterwards she died. Thus, the Prophet (pbuh) lost his beloved wife and friend, the first person to accept Islam and support him. She had been a refuge from all his troubles and, through her good-heartedness, the best company in his suffering. He had loved her very much. This happened in 619 A.D., the year which became known as the ‘Year of Sorrow’. Soon after this, the Prophet Muhammad’s uncle and protector, Abu Talib, also died. Abu Talib had been one of the most respected men in Mecca-one of the elders of Quraysh. Even though he had never been a follower of Islam, he had protected the Prophet (pbuh) against his enemies. Not only was this a sad occasion for the Prophet (pbuh) but also a dangerous one. According to Arab custom anyone who is under the protection of another is safe so long as his protector lives. Now, with the death of his uncle, the Prophet’s protection was gone.

but they laughed at him and ordered their slaves to insult him and pelt him with stones.
Sadly, the Prophet (pbuh) left the city and found a quiet place near a wall on the edge of town where he could be alone. There he prayed to Allah in these words: ” O Allah, to Thee I complain of my weakness, helplessness and lowliness before men. 0 Most Merciful, Thou art the Lord of the weak, and Thou art my Lord. To whom wouldst Thou leave my fate? To a stranger who insults me or to an enemy to whom Thou hast given power over me? If Thou art not angry with me, I care not what happens to me. Thy favor alone is my objective. I take refuge in the Light of Thy countenance by which the darkness is illumined and on which this world and the other depend, lest Thy anger descend upon me or Thy wrath light upon me. It is for Thee to be satisfied until Thou art well pleased. There is no power and no might save through Thee.” The wall near which the Prophet (pbuh) was sitting belonged to a garden owned by two brothers.

His journey to Ta’if had not been in vain for ‘Addas, the Christian, had become a Muslim, and this was to be the beginning of great changes.

The Night Journey And The Ascent To Heaven
One night as the Prophet (pbuh) lay sleeping in the same spot where ‘Abd al-Muttalib used to sleep, next to the Ka’bah, he was woken by the Archangel Gabriel. Later the Prophet (pbuh) described what happened: ‘I sat up and he took hold of my arm. I stood beside him and he brought me to the door of the mosque where there was a white animal for me to ride.’
The Prophet (pbuh) told of how he mounted the animal and, with the Archangel Gabriel at his side, was transported from Mecca to the mosque called al-Aqsa, in far away Jerusalem. There the Prophet (pbuh) found Abraham, Moses, and Jesus among a group of Prophets. The Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) acted as their leader, or imam, in prayer. Then he was brought two jugs, one containing wine and the other milk.

In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
“The Messenger believeth in that which hath been revealed unto him from his Lord and (so do) the believers. Each one believes in Allah and His Angels and His Books and His Messengers-We make no distinction between any of His messengers-and they say: We hear, and we obey.

Grant us Thy forgiveness, our Lord. Unto Thee is the homecoming”. (Koran ii.285) , Then he was taken into the Light of the Divine Presence of Allah, and was instructed that Muslims should pray fifty times a day. The Prophet (pbuh) recalled: ” On my way back I passed by Moses and what a good friend to you he was! He asked me how many prayers had I been ordained to perform. When I told him fifty, he said, ‘Prayer is a serious matter and your people are weak, so go back to your Lord and ask Him to reduce the number for you and your community.’ I did so and He took away ten. Again I passed by Moses and he said the same again; and so it went on until only five prayers for the whole day and night were left.

‘ Then Abu Bakr went to the mosque and listened to the Prophet’s detailed description of Jerusalem. He commented, ‘You tell the truth, 0 Prophet of Allah!’ From then on, Abu Bakr was honored with the title ‘al-Siddiq’, which means ‘he who gives his word to support the truth’. Others also began to believe the Prophet’s story when he went on to describe two caravans he had seen on his way back to Mecca. He told the doubters where he had seen the caravans, what they were carrying and when they would arrive in Mecca. All that the Prophet (pbuh) had said was born out when the caravans arrived at the time he said they would, carrying all that he had described.

In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
“Glory be to Him, who carried His servant by night from the Holy Mosque to the Far distant place of worship, the Neighborhood which We have blessed, that We might show him some of Our signs, He, only He is the All-hearing, the All-seeing”. (Koran xvii:1)

unlike the Arab at that time, knew that there was only One God, and worshipped Him. They had told the Arabs many times that a Prophet would be coming to them. The time came for the pilgrimage to the Ka’bah, and several people from Yathrib were going, among them six men from the tribe of Khazraj. They had heard about the Prophet Mohammed’s preaching and thought that must be the Prophet the Jews had told them about. So they decided to go speak to him during their stay in Mecca. They met the Prophet (pbuh) at a spot known as ‘Aqabah, near Mecca, and he invited them to sit with him. He explained to them what Islam meant and recited to them from the Koran. When they heard the Koran recited it touched their hearts so deeply that they became Muslims and on leaving Mecca they promised to return the following year. When they reached Yathrib carrying Islam in their hearts, they told their relatives and friends what they had heard from the Prophet (pbuh) and many more people became Muslims.
A year passed and the pilgrimage season came around again.

and most of them took this opportunity to leave. Despite all this suffering the Prophet (pbuh) was not allowed to fight his enemies, for Allah had told him to forgive those who insulted him or would not listen to his message. But the Quraysh had closed their minds so utterly to the word of Allah, and grew so hard-hearted towards the Prophet (pbuh)and his followers, that Allah gave permission to the Prophet (pbuh) to fight those who tried to harm him or his companions.
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
“Permission is given unto those who fight because they have been wronged; And Allah is surely able to give them victory; Those who have been driven from their homes unjustly only because they said: Our Lord is Allah”.(Koran xxii.39-40)
Quraysh began to fear the Prophet (pbuh) for they realised that he was now strong enough to fight them and had been given leave to do so by Allah. They also knew that he now had the people of Yathrib to help and protect him.

before he was able to join his friends in Yathrib. As they were busy arguing, the Devil appeared at the door in the form of a noble and handsome old man. When they saw this elderly gentleman standing there, they asked him who he was. He said he was a Shaikh from the mountains who had heard what they meant to do and thought he might be able to help or advise them. They thought he looked like a wise man, so they invited him in.
Each leader then started to put forward ideas about what should be done, but none of them could agree about which was best, until AbuJahl told them his plan. This was that each clan should provide a strong, young warrior, each of whom would be given a sword. All the young warriors would then wait outside the Prophet’s house and together attack him as he came out. In this way they would be rid of him but as the blame for killing him would fall on all the clans, the Prophet’s family would not be able to seek revenge.
When he heard this,

the Prophet (pbuh) left the house. At that very moment Allah took away the sight of the warriors so that they could not see the Prophet (pbuh), who took a handful of dust, sprinkled it on their heads and recited these verses:
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
“Ya Sin By the Wise Koran, Thou art truly among those sent On the straight path; A Revelation of the All-mighty, the All-wise, That thou may warn a people whose fathers were never warned, so they are heedless. The Word has already proved true of most of them, yet they do not believe. Lo! We have put on their necks collars of iron up to the chin, so that they are made stiff-necked. and We have put before them a barrier; and We have covered them so they do not see”. (Koran xxxvi.1-9)
The young men waited the whole night and were furious when, in the morning, they saw ‘Ali instead of the Prophet (pbuh) coming out of the house.They realised that their plan had failed completely. In the meantime,

A spider had woven its web right across the entrance to the cave and a dove was nesting with her mate nearby. As the Meccans stood in front of the cave, with only the spider’s web separating them from the fugitives, Abu Bakr began to fear for their safety. He whispered to the Prophet (pbuh), they are very close. If one of them turns we will be seen.’ But he was comforted by the Prophet’s reply: “What do you think of two who have with them Allah as their third? ‘Grieve not, for verily Allah is with us”. (Koran ix.40) . After a few moments the search parry decided that no one could have entered the cave recently, or the spider’s web would not have been complete and the dove would not have nested there, and so they left without searching inside. Three days later the Prophet (pbuh) and Abu Bakr thought it safe to leave the cave. Abu Bakr’s son, ‘Amir, had arranged for three camels and a guide to help them continue their journey to Yathrib. ‘Amir would ride behind his father. The leaders of Quraysh,

And He made the word of the unbelievers the lowest; While Allah’s word is the uppermost; Allah is All-mighty, All-wise”. (Koran ix.40)
The Prophet’s journey from Mecca is called the hijrah, or migration. It was really the first step towards the spread of Islam throughout the entire world, and Muslims begin their calendar from the year of the hijrah

Arrival In Yathrib
When the people of Yathrib heard that the Prophet W(pbuh) had left Mecca and was on his way to their city, they anxiously awaited his arrival. Each morning they would go to the edge of the city to see if he was coming. Finally, on Monday, September 27, in the year 622 A.D., someone saw him in the distance and shouted to everyone, ‘Here is Muhammad! (pbuh) the Messenger of Allah has arrived!’ All the Muslims went out to greet him, shouting, “Allahu Akbar”! Allah is Great! Muhammad the Messenger of Allah has arrived!’ The women and children sang songs to show how glad they were to see him. The Prophet (pbuh) entered the city with his friend Abu Bakr.

They offered to give it to the Prophet (pbuh) but he insisted on paying them for it, and so their guardian, As’ad the son of Zurarah, who was present, made the necessary arrangements.

The Prophet (pbuh) ordered that a mosque and a place for him to live be built on the site. All the Muslims worked together to finish it quickly-even the Prophet (pbuh) joined in. It was here that the Muslims would pray and meet to make important decisions and plans. The building was quite plain and simple. The floor was beaten earth and the roof of palm leaves was held up by tree trunks. Two Stones marked the direction of prayer. At first worshippers faced Jerusalem, but Soon after the direction of prayer was changed towards the Ka’bah in Mecca.
After the building of the mosque, the Prophet (pbuh) wanted to strengthen the relationship between the people called the Muhajirah or Emigrants, who had left Mecca with him, and the people of Medina,

” four times, followed by “I bear witness that there is no divinity but Allah, I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, Come to prayer, come to prayer, Come to salvation, come to salvation. Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar! There is no divinity but Allah!”‘

When the Prophet (pbuh) heard this, he said it was a true vision from Allah. He sent for Bilal, who had a beautiful, strong voice, and ordered him to call the people to prayer in just this way. Bilal did so and soon after ‘Umar came out of his house and told the Prophet (pbuh) that he had seen exactly the same vision himself.
The Prophet (pbuh) replied, ‘Allah be praised for that.’ The adhan, or call to prayer, which came to ‘Abd Allah ibn Zayd in his dream and was performed by Bilal on the instruction of the Prophet (pbuh), is the one we still hear today being called from the minarets of mosques all over the world.
The Battle Of Badr
The Muslims who had gone to Medinah,

The Muslims did not think they should simply remain safely in Medinah; they wanted to spread the message of Islam. They thus felt that if Quraysh wanted freedom to trade in safety, then the Muslims must also have freedom to believe in Allah, to follow His Messenger (pbuh), and spread His Word. It was, therefore, thought that the best, and only way to get Quraysh to understand this was to attack what was most important to them-a caravan.
Abu Sufyan, in the meantime, heard about the Muslims’ plan and Quickly sent a message to Quraysh in Mecca, telling them that the caravan was in danger and asking for help. As a result nearly all Quraysh came out to help him defend the caravan. There were a thousand men and two hundred horses. The women also went along to cheer the men on with their singing. Unaware of this, the Prophet (pbuh) set out with his followers. It was the month of Ramadan and the Muslims were fasting.
There were only three hundred and five of them,

So go where you wish, we are with you even if you should lead us into the sea!
The Prophet (pbuh) was greatly encouraged by these words and so it was agreed to fight. Abu Sufyan learned where the Muslims were camped. He changed the course of the caravan and quickly took it out of their reach. He then sent word to Quraysh telling them that the caravan was safe and that they should return to Mecca. But the leaders of Quraysh were proud and stubborn men. They refused to return as they had made up their minds to show everyone how powerful they were by destroying the Muslims.Now there was a wadi, or valley, at Badr, with wells on the side nearest Medina, and it was here that the Muslims took up position facing the valley with the wells behind them.
Quraysh meanwhile placed themselves on the other side of the valley. The Muslims then dug a reservoir, filled it with water from one of the wells, and made a barrier around it. Then they stopped up the wells. In this way the Muslims had enough drinking water for themselves,

The Prophet (pbuh)prodded him in the side with an arrow, saying, ‘Stand in line!’ The man, Sawad, exclaimed, ‘You have hurt me, O Messenger of Allah! Allah has sent you to be just and good.’ Prophet (pbuh) lifted his shirt and said, ‘Then do the same to me. The man approached and kissed him on the spot instead, saying, ’0 Messenger of Allah, you see what is before us and I may not survive the battle. If this is my last time with you, I want the last thing I do in life to be this.’Shortly after he went into battle, Sawad died a martyr. Having examined the ranks, the Prophet (pbuh) then went to a shelter made of palm branches from which he could command the battle. Abu Bakr stayed with him, while Sa’d ibn Mu’adh, with several of the Ansar, stood outside guarding the hut. When the Prophet (pbuh) saw the enormous Quraysh army descending the hill into the valley, with all their banners and drums, he began to pray for the help which Allah had promised him. These were some of his words. ’0 Allah, here come Quraysh full of vanity and pride,

As for ‘Ubaydah, he had wounded his enemy but was wounded himself, and so his two companions killed the wounded Meccan and carried ‘Ubaydah back to the safety of the Muslim ranks. After this, the two armies attacked each other and fighting broke out all around. The sky was filled with arrows. The Muslim army held its ground against the great army of Quraysh and even though the Muslims were much fewer in number, they gained a great victory, destroying the Meccan army and killing most of its leaders. Among the leading Meccans who died were Abu Jahl and Umayyah ibn Khalaf, who was killed by his former slave, Bilal. Seeing that their leaders were nearly all dead, the remainder of Quraysh retreated. The Prophet (pbuh) sent word to Medinah to tell them of the victory. He then gathered up the spoils of war and divided them equally among the Muslims. Some of the Meccans had been taken prisoner and the Prophet (pbuh) gave orders that they should be treated well until their relatives from among Quraysh came to fetch them.

In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

“Ye (Muslims) did not slay them, but Allah slew them and thou (Muhammad) threwest not when thou didst throw, but Allah threw, so that He might test the believers by a fair test from Him. Lo! Allah is All-hearing, All-Knowing”. (Koran viii.17)

110.  “Kamu adalah umat yang terbaik yang dilahirkan untuk manusia, menyuruh kepada yang ma’ruf, dan mencegah dari yang munkar, dan beriman kepada Allah. Sekiranya ahli Kitab beriman, tentulah itu lebih baik bagi mereka, di antara mereka ada yang beriman, dan kebanyakan mereka adalah orang-orang yang fasik.”

111.  “Mereka sekali-kali tidak akan dapat membuat mudharat kepada kamu, selain dari gangguan-gangguan celaan saja, dan jika mereka berperang dengan kamu, pastilah mereka berbalik melarikan diri ke belakang (kalah). Kemudian mereka tidak mendapat pertolongan.”

112.  “Mereka diliputi kehinaan di mana saja mereka berada, kecuali jika mereka berpegang kepada tali (agama) Allah dan tali (perjanjian) dengan manusia, dan mereka kembali mendapat kemurkaan dari Allah dan mereka diliputi kerendahan. Yang demikian itu karena mereka kafir kepada ayat-ayat Allah dan membunuh para Nabi tanpa alasan yang benar. Yang demikian itu disebabkan mereka durhaka dan melampaui batas.” (QS. Ali Imran: 110-112)

KESIMPULAN

(1)     Kaum muslimin adalah umat terbaik selama menyuruh kepada yang ma’ruf dan mencegah kemungkaran. Jika tidak maka tidak ada bedanya dengan ahli kitab dan umat-umat yang lain.

(2)     Jika kaum muslimin tersifati dengan sifat yang pertama, kaum ahli kitab hanya berani mencela dan menghina saja. Seandainya mereka berperang dengan kita pasti mereka kalah karena tidak mendapat pertolongan dari Allah. Lihat peristiwa perang Badar, perang Khaibar, dan diusirnya bani Nadhir, bani Qainuqa’, dan bani Quraidzah dari kota Madinah. Mereka adalah orang-orang Yahudi.

(3)     Hamba manapun akan selalu kuat selama berpegang teguh terhadap ajaran Allah dan NabiNya. Seperti itulah orang-orang Yahudi, andaikan mereka berpegang teguh kepada ajaran Allah dan Nabi mereka.

(4)     Ketika kaum muslimin tidak berpegang kepada ajaran Allah dan ajaran Nabi mereka, justru mereka mengikuti ajaran selain mereka, sementara mereka lebih banyak persiapan, lebih banyak perencanaan, juga persenjataan, dan di sisi lain kaum muslimin banyak yang bermaksiat, terlena dengan kehidupan duniawi, otomatis kaum muslimin kalah karena tidak tersifati dengan sifat pada poin nomor 1.

(5)     Karena itulah mengapa kaum Yahudi begitu beraninya kepada kaum muslimin. Terutama di Palestina. Itu tidak lain karena kaum muslimin sudah tidak mempunyai perkara yang mendatangkan pertolongan Allah kepada mereka. Mesir salah satu contohnya, mengaku muslim tapi mengekor kepada Yahudi. Pertandingan bola juga misalnya. Betapa banyak kaum muslimin yang ikut terlena menontonnya. Bahkan terkadang meninggalkan shalat hanya karena bola, yang notabene hanya membuang sia-sia umur kita.

(6)     Akankah kita sebagai muslim, kembali kepada ajaran Tuhan dan Nabi kita??!! Allahu a’lam.